Specific features of modeling distributed generation within electrical network structures using different software packages

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to investigate the specific features of modeling distributed generation in the structure of electrical networks using different software packages. The work aims to identify the software that provides the necessary functionality, accuracy of calculations, ease of use, and license availability, while also considering the specific characteristics of Ukrainian electrical networks. Methodology. Analysis of literary sources — applied to study the current state of the problem of distributed generation integration into electrical networks and to summarize both international and Ukrainian experience. Comparative analysis — carried out to evaluate the functional capabilities of PowerFactory, Dakar Eleks, Matlab/Simulink, and Ansys according to the following criteria: modeling accuracy, computational performance, interface usability, availability of model libraries of distributed generation, the ability to model active and reactive power characteristics, voltage control characteristics, synchronization modes, and transient processes. Findings. The key technical aspects of connecting distributed generation were identified, including the modeling of active and reactive power characteristics, voltage control characteristics, synchronization modes, transient processes, and automatic reconnection in accordance with the requirements of the Distribution System Code and the Transmission System Code. A comparative analysis of the functional capabilities of PowerFactory, Dakar Eleks, Matlab/Simulink, and Ansys was performed. International experience with the use of these software tools and the features of their adaptation to Ukrainian regulatory requirements were also analyzed. Originality. A new approach is proposed for evaluating software packages for modeling the connection of distributed generation, which takes into account the specific features of Ukrainian electrical networks and the requirements of the Distribution System Code and the Transmission System Code. Practical value. The results of this study can be applied in the process of selecting software for modeling the integration of distributed generation in Ukrainian electrical networks. The proposed approach makes it possible to reasonably determine optimal connection points, assess the influence of distributed generation on the operating conditions of the power system, and improve the efficiency of network development planning.