Synthesis of Collagen Nanoparticles from Eggshell Membrane and its Applications with Special Emphasis on Wound Healing and Water Purification

Collagen, one of the foremost copious proteins in the human physique, is a versatile natural polymer that is used in various fields of science ranging from biomedicine like tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery to environmental cleansing agents including removal of oil and dyes from polluted water. This protein is very well-known because of its distinctive nature of biocompatibility, biodegradability and bioavailability owing to its composition that consists of proline, glycine and hydroxyproline. Collagen nanoparticles is one of the everlasting applications of this protein as it provides lower toxicity, increases shelf-life of the sample, improved water-binding capacity and ensures controlled and targeted release of the sample. These biologically beneficial properties increase their significance for functioning in biological systems. This review will provide insights on the various methods of collagen extraction and the major sources of this protein. The review also highlights on different types of collagen nanoparticles that can be synthesized and its diverse applications in multiple areas.