The Bile acid-microbiome interaction associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in a transition dairy cow model with different metabolism status

Table S1 Ingredients and chemical compositions of the experimental diets 1 ADF, acid detergent fiber; CP, crude protein; DM, dry matter; EE, ether extract; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; NE L , net energy for lactation, calculated based on National Research Council (2001). 2 Premix provided the following per kg: Close-up: 250 g Ca, 29 Mg, 13 mg Na, 38 g S, 42 g Cl, 375 mg Cu, 1,300 mg Mn, 1,100 mg Zn, 22 mg I, 5 mg Se, 11 mg Co, 500,000 IU Vitamin A, 100,000 IU Vitamin D, 15 mg Vitamin E; Fresh cow: 101 g Ca, 45 Mg, 47 g Na, 2 g S, 72 g Cl, 500 mg Cu, 1,100 mg Mn, 2,300 mg Zn, 30 mg I, 5 mg Se, 11 mg Co, 430,000 IU Vitamin A, 100,000 IU Vitamin D, 13 mg Vitamin E. Table S2 Differentially produced metabolite screening for pathway analysis identified by UHPLC-QTOF/MS in the plasma of transition dairy cows in experiment 1 RT, retention time; VIP, variable importance projection; FC, fold change; NA, not applicable; UHPLC-QTOF/MS, ultra-high-performance liquid tandem chromatography-quadrupole time of flight/mass spectrometry analysis. 1 Defined as the normalized peak area of metabolites in POSP group/PREP group. PREP and POSP, sampling before and after calving, respectively. Table S3 The lower limits of detection (LLODs), lower limits of quantitation (LLOQs), recovery rate, and relative standard deviation (RSD) of every bile acid standard Table S4 Compositions of bile acid pool in the plasma of transition dairy cows in experiment 1 (nmol/L) PREP and POSP, sampling before and after calving, respectively. SEM, standard error of means. Table S5 Differentially produced metabolite screening for pathway analysis identified by UHPLC-QTOFMS in the plasma of healthy and hyperketonemia dairy cows in experiment 2 RT, retention time; VIP, variable importance projection; FC, fold change; NA, not applicable; UHPLC-QTOF/MS, ultra-high-performance liquid tandem chromatography-quadrupole time of flight/mass spectrometry analysis. 1 Defined as the normalized peak area of metabolites in CK group/CON group. CON, healthy dairy cows; HPK, ...