Comment inciter les entreprises à afficher les impacts environnementaux sur les produits de grande consommation ? ; Comment inciter les entreprises à afficher les impacts environnementaux sur les produits de grande consommation ?: Les leviers d’une politique publique « d’affichage volontaire encadré »

International audience ; The present policy brief analyses a French public policy aiming at encouraging companies to display on labels the environmental impacts of their products. This public policy was initiated in 2009 after President Sarkozy’s election but has recently been reactivated in 2018 when the government decided a national implementation within five industries. The public policy was seriously contested by economic actors, which considered product environmental assessment as too costly and based on insufficiently stabilized knowledge. Today, consumer information public policies are becoming increasingly common: nutritional labelling, environmental footprint labelling, energy labels, product lifetime labelling. How can these public policies, which have limited financial, political and legal resources, achieve any efficiency to convince corporations to engage in changes they are reluctant to make? We demonstrate that this public policy relies on a weak coercive legislative basis but with strong capacity to modify the interests of some of the private actors. We also show how public deciders make strong allies within different types of economic actors, in order to activate levers through competition dynamics or supply chains relationships. This public-private public policy instrument building process contributes to strengthen the capacity of the public policy. Finally, we question the stakes and critical points of this public policy, which has not achieved a widespread implementation so far, but has demonstrated its ability to engage companies in environmental improvements. ; Ce policy brief analyse la politique publique française en matière d’affichage environnemental. Cette politique publique a été initiée en 2009 à la suite du Grenelle de l’Environnement et a été réactivée en 2018 dans le cadre d’une action de déploiement sur cinq secteurs économiques. L’objectif de cette politique publique est d’encourager les entreprises à afficher les impacts environnementaux des produits qu’elles mettent en marché. ...