Modeling aquatic vegetation in computational fluid dynamics studies

The goal of this work was to present, through computation fluid dynamics (CFD), two methods used in the conceptual and physical representation of vegetation in aquatic environments: the porous media approach and the simplified geometric elements. Three case studies, including a floating wetland and patches of vegetation, exemplify how the methods are applied, showing their advantages and disadvantages. At the geometry and meshing stage, the porous media approach shows to be simpler, faster, and more practical than the simplified geometric elements. However, in the equation modeling, the porous media approach is not able to capture the mixing processes inside the vegetation, while the simplified geometric elements method can capture those processes.