Contributors: Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED); École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE); Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité); IMRB - "Biologie du système neuromusculaire" Créteil (U955 Inserm - UPEC); École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB); Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12); CHU Henri Mondor Créteil; Groupe Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP); This study was supported by ANR grants (GENIDOV:ANR-09-GENM-009; ARGONADS: ANR-13-BSV2-0017; ARDIGERM: ANR-2020-CE14), and the CELPHEDIA infrastructure (CELPHEDIA France, 2017).; ANR-09-GENM-0009,GENIDOV,Réseaux géniques impliqués dans la différenciation ovarienne chez la chèvre et la souris(2009); ANR-13-BSV2-0017,ARGONADS,Acide rétinoique et devenir des cellules germinales(2013); ANR-20-CE14-0022,ARDIGERM,Acide rétinoïque dans la différenciation des cellules germinales et la méiose(2020)
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; AROMATASE is encoded by the CYP19A1 gene and is the cytochrome enzyme responsible for estrogen synthesis in vertebrates. In most mammals, a peak of CYP19A1 gene expression occurs in the fetal XX gonad when sexual differentiation is initiated. To elucidate the role of this peak, we produced three lines of TALEN genetically edited CYP19A1 KO rabbits, that were devoid of any estradiol production. All the KO XX rabbits developed as females with aberrantly small-sized ovaries in adulthood, an almost empty reserve of primordial follicles and very few large antrum follicles. Ovulation never occurred. Our histological, immunohistological and transcriptomic analyses showed that the estradiol surge in the XX fetal rabbit gonad is not essential to its determination as an ovary, or for meiosis. However, it is mandatory for the high proliferation and differentiation of both somatic and germ cells, and consequently for establishment of the ovarian reserve.
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