Brain, Memory and Numbers: A Multidimensional Approach to Dyscalculia ; Beyin, Bellek ve Sayılar: Diskalkuliye Çok Boyutlu Bir Yaklaşım

This article aims to contribute to the limited scientific knowledge in Turkey by addressing the multidimensional nature of dyscalculia through theoretical and literature review. Dyscalculia is a specific learning disability characterized by unexpected, persistent, and severe difficulties in mathematical skills. The study systematically examines the developmental and acquired types of dyscalculia, genetic-neurobiological foundations (particularly findings related to the parietal lobe and intraparietal sulcus), cognitive factors (number sense, working memory, attention processes), and environmental factors. It has been demonstrated that prevalence rates varying in the 3-7% range stem from differences in diagnostic criteria and cut-off points. The heterogeneous structure of dyscalculia and its frequent co-occurrence with comorbid conditions such as dyslexia and ADHD were emphasized, and the bidirectional interaction with math anxiety was analyzed. Working memory deficits were shown to be particularly pronounced in visuospatial and executive function components. The findings confirm that dyscalculia is a multilayered learning disability that cannot be explained by a single factor. It was concluded that early diagnosis, multidimensional assessment, and individualized intervention approaches are of critical importance for both academic achievement and emotional well-being. ; Bu makale, diskalkulinin çok boyutlu yapısını kuramsal ve alanyazın taraması yoluyla ele alarak, Türkiye'de bu alanda sınırlı olan bilimsel birikime katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Diskalkuli, matematiksel becerilerde beklenmedik, kalıcı ve şiddetli güçlüklerle tanımlanan özgül bir öğrenme güçlüğüdür. Çalışmada diskalkulinin gelişimsel ve edinilmiş türleri, genetik-nörobiyolojik temelleri (özellikle paryetal lob ve intraparyetal sulkus bulgularıyla), bilişsel etkenler (sayı hissi, çalışma belleği, dikkat süreçleri) ve çevresel faktörler sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. Yaygınlık oranlarının %3-7 bandında değişmesinin, tanı ölçütleri ve kesme ...