Contributors: Plant Health Institute of Montpellier (UMR PHIM); Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM); Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP); Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier; Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE); Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE); Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD Occitanie )-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier; Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS); Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad); Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS); Institut Agro Montpellier; Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro); This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-16-IDEX-0006 project to CV), the CASDAR program (BURRITOS project to JBM), the INRAE LIA program (Plantomix project to JBM), the European Research Council (ERC) (Starting Grant Project “Ecophysiological and biophysical constraints on domestication in crop plants” ERC-StG-2014-639706-CONSTRAINTS to CV) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 31801792 and 31960554 to HH). RP is supported by a PhD grant from Institut Agro.; ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016); European Project: 639706,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,CONSTRAINTS(2015)
نبذة مختصرة : Correction in: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.3002382All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. The data has been deposited in a publicly available repository: "Disease levels in binary mixtures of rice and wheat", https://doi.org/10.57745/RRA3HL. ; International audience ; Mixing crop cultivars has long been considered as a way to control epidemics at the field level and is experiencing a revival of interest in agriculture. Yet, the ability of mixing to control pests is highly variable and often unpredictable in the field. Beyond classical diversity effects such as dispersal barrier generated by genotypic diversity, several understudied processes are involved. Among them is the recently discovered neighbor-modulated susceptibility (NMS), which depicts the phenomenon that susceptibility in a given plant is affected by the presence of another healthy neighboring plant. Despite the putative tremendous importance of NMS for crop science, its occurrence and quantitative contribution to modulating susceptibility in cultivated species remains unknown. Here, in both rice and wheat inoculated in greenhouse conditions with foliar fungal pathogens considered as major threats, using more than 200 pairs of intraspecific genotype mixtures, we experimentally demonstrate the occurrence of NMS in 11% of the mixtures grown in experimental conditions that precluded any epidemics. Thus, the susceptibility of these 2 major crops results from indirect effects originating from neighboring plants. Quite remarkably, the levels of susceptibility modulated by plant–plant interactions can reach those conferred by intrinsic basal immunity. These findings open new avenues to develop more sustainable agricultural practices by engineering less susceptible crop mixtures thanks to emergent but now predictable properties of mixtures.
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