Inversion of lunar FeO and numerical simulation of the detached dust layers on Mars ; Etude de la Lune et de Mars par télédétection infrarouge

Moon and Mars have been the important targets for deep space missions. The studies in this thesis include two parts. The first part is concerning Chang’e-1 Interference Imaging Spectrometer (IIM) data preprocessing and global lunar FeO inversion. In order to better preprocess the IIM data, a new method using spectral angle and Euclidean distance for removing bad pixels has been proposed. A new in-flight calibration has been conducted. And cross calibration of IIM data by using the telescopic data is improved. The processed IIM data have also been used to inverse lunar FeO abundance. The IIM-derived FeO is comparable to Clementine FeO results, and can be an alternative dataset for Moon studies. The second part is concerning parameterizing rocket dust storms and daytime slope winds in LMD (Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique) Mars GCM (Global Climate Model) to reproduce the detached dust layers (DDLs) observed by Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) on Mars. The simulations by the GCM including rocket dust storm parameterization show that, during the Martian dusty seasons, the rocket dust storms are the key factors to explain the observed DDLs. The formation and evolution of GCM simulated DDLs are in agreement with those of MCS observation. Meanwhile, the simulation also suggests that the large variation of the DDLs’ altitudes in dusty season are contributed by the deep convection induced by rocket dust storms. The simulations by the GCM including daytime slope winds parameterization show that with the help of daytime slope winds, the GCM can reproduce the detached dust layers in Martian clear seasons, which cannot be simulated by the rocket dust storm process. ; Les travaux menés dans cette thèse se partagent entre la Lune et Mars, cibles privilégiées pour les missions d'exploration spatiales. La première partie porte sur l'instrument Interference Imaging Spectrometer (IIM) qui était à bord du satellite lunaire chinois Chang’e-1. Une méthode inédite utilisant l'angle spectrale et le concept de distance Euclidienne, et ...