Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) for Regeneration of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Review Article

FNU Romaniyanto,1– 3 Ferdiansyah Mahyudin,4,5 Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa,5,6 Hari Basuki Notobroto,7 Damayanti Tinduh,5,8 Ryan Ausrin,2,3 Fedik Abdul Rantam,9,10 Heri Suroto,4,5 Dwikora Novembri Utomo,4,5 Sholahuddin Rhatomy11 1Doctoral Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Prof. Dr. R. Soerharso Orthopedic Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 4Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 5Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 6Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 7Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 8Department of Physical Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; 9Virology and Immunology Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 10Stem Cell Research and Development Center, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 11Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Sholahuddin Rhatomy, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro General Hospital, Klaten, Indonesia, Tel +62 272-321163, Fax +62 272-321104, Email doktergustomrhatomy@yahoo.com; sholahuddin.rhatomy@mail.ugm.ac.idAbstract: The intervertebral disc (IVD) is an important structure in the human body because it functions as a weight-bearing. This structure undergoes a process of degeneration like the rest of the body and this process is known as intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) which is the most common cause of low back pain (LBP). The current common management, either conservative or surgical, is pain-relieving and has not been able to restore degenerated disc optimally. Changes in the IVD microenvironment in IDD conditions make it difficult ...