Sofía de los presagios, espacio de encuentro de dos estructuras psicosociales: matriarcado y patriarcado

This article discusses the presence of two psyco-social structures in permanent tension in the narrative world of Sofía de los presagios (Gioconda Belli 1990): the matriarchal structure (the psychosocial structure of the gynecocratic world, in terms of J.J. Bachofen) and the psychosocial structure of the patriarchal world. The traces of the gynecocratic world are examined as evidenced in symbols, myths and rituals associated with telluric forces. sensoriality and rnagic; for example, the pondering of the Ancient Mother, the presence of circles and spirals and the symbolism of the Moon as a means of mediation between the Earth and the Sun and as a 'eminine principie. Hidden and margined elements or elements considered to be opposite to the values of the patriarchal world, such as the artifices which made possible the conversion of such women as midwifes, herbalists and quack doctors into witches, are also studied, as well as the mechanisms used in the patriarchal system to influence the "must be" and to establish social norms which validate heterosexual conduct and condemn homosexuality. Finally, the figure of Sofia is analyzed from her difference (witch) among the difference (the supersticious and archaic world of Diriá vis-a-vis revolutionary Nicaragua). ; Se examina la presencia de dos estructuras psicosociales en permanente tensión en el mundo narrativo de Sofía de los presagios (Gioconda Belli 1990): la estructura matriarcal (en términos de J.J. Bachofen, la estructura psicosocial del mundo ginecocrático) y la estructura psicosocial del mundo patriarcal. Se hurga en las huellas del mundo ginecocrático evidenciadas en símbolos, mitos y ritos ligados a las fuerzas telúricas, la sensorialidad y la magia; por ejemplo, la ponderación de la Madre Antigua, la presencia de los círculos y las espirales y el simbolismo de la luna como lugar de mediación entre la tierra y el sol y como principio femenino. Asimismo, se evidencian elementos ocultos, marginados o considerados opuestos a los valores del mundo patriarcal, ...