seco -Tirucallane Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Dysoxylum gotadhora

Thirteen new 3,4- seco -tirucallane triterpenoids ( 1–11 , 15 , 16 ), along with one new 2,3- seco -tirucallane triterpenoid ( 17 ), one new 3,4- seco -29-nor-tirucallane triterpenoid ( 12 ), one new 3,4- seco -28,29-dinor-tirucallane triterpenoid ( 13 ), and a known tirucallane analogue ( 14 ) were isolated from leaves of Dysoxylum gotadhora. These triterpenoids were structurally determined by spectroscopic methods, including HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and ECD data. The cytotoxicity evaluation revealed that compounds 4 and 11 exhibited moderate activity against HCT-116 and DLD-1 cell lines with IC 50 values ranging from 3.7 to 4.4 μM. The Annexin V-PE/7-AAD staining assay indicated that both 4 and 11 induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies showed that compounds 6 , 9 , 10 , and 17 exhibited suppression effects on NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells, with IC 50 values ranging from 17.1 ± 3.3 to 49.8 ± 6.5 μM.