Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters for Roadway Applications

Numerous studies have explored the feasibility of piezoelectric energy harvesters as a renewable energy source within roadways. However, only a few have examined their cost effectiveness, despite the clear need for such an evaluation to determine the viability of large-scale implementation. This research aims to fill this gap by assessing the economic feasibility of integrating piezoelectric energy-harvesting technology into road infrastructure. A dynamic model is developed to estimate the total electrical energy output based on specific traffic conditions and harvester characteristics. This energy output is then used to conduct a life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) and other key economic evaluations. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is performed on four different piezoelectric prototypes identified from the literature to determine the impact of various parameters on system viability. The findings provide insights into the economic sustainability of piezoelectric energy harvesters, highlighting key cost drivers and areas for future improvement in system design and material selection.