Directional wide band printed monopole antenna for use in microwave breast cancer imaging ; Mikrodalga meme kanseri görüntüleme kullanımı için geniş bantlı yönlü mikroşerit anten

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Informatics, 2012 ; Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Detection of small breast lesions by mammography screening facilitates the cancer treatment by noninvasive techniques. Recently, new therapies than traditional surgery have been explored to satisfy these demands. The physical basis for breast cancer detection with microwave imaging is the difference in dielectric properties of normal and malignant breast tissues. Microwave imaging involves illuminating the breast with an ultra-wideband pulse from a number of antenna locations, then synthetically focusing reflections from the breast. The detection of malignant tumors is achieved by the coherent addition of returns from these strongly scattering objects.Radar-based microwave imaging techniques have been proposed for early stage breast cancer detection. Radar-based microwave breast imaging approaches involve illuminating the breast with an ultra-wideband pulse of microwaves and detecting reflections. The reflections are then processed to create images that indicate the presence and location of tumors in the breast. A key component of these systems is the antenna that is used to radiate and receive the ultra-wideband pulses. So the antenna design requirements for use in near field near surface measurement applications, such as radar-based microwave breast cancer imaging are as follows: radiation of ultra-wideband signal to transmit short pulses, size of the antenna on the order of a few centimeters to selectively illuminate and permit scanning, an optimum half power near-field beam width( HPBW) to avoid smearing of the scatterers that occurs if the field of view of each antenna is too broad, and finally a good impedance matching across the entire band, This ensures that most of the energy is transmitted. In order to decrease the HPBW of an antenna we have to increase the directivity of the antenna in a desired direction. Nevertheless, most of the wide band and UWB antennas like planar ...