THE PROBLEM OF EOSINOPHILIC INFLAMMATION IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: PREVALENCE, PATHOGENESIS, ROLE IN THE PROGRESSION OF PATHOLOGY AND METHODS OF CORRECTION

Over the past few decades, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a significant public health concern due to an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. COPD is characterized by reduced airflow velocity due to inflammation of the bronchial tubes and remodeling of small airways. Approximately 20%-40% of patients with COPD experience eosinophilic inflammation in the respiratory tract, similar to that seen in bronchial asthma. Recent studies have shown that eosinophilic COPD represents a distinct condition. And it is associated with more significant remodeling of the respiratory tract. Although the exact role of eosinophils in the development of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) is not fully understood, their level can be used as a prognostic factor and to guide the administration of corticosteroid treatment. Their effectiveness is higher when eosinophil levels are elevated. Therefore, in order to create an effective treatment plan for patients with eosinophilic COPD, it is essential to understand the pathogenesis of this condition. This review will focus on the global prevalence of COPD, the mechanisms behind eosinophil involvement in COPD, how blood and sputum eosinophil counts can be used as biomarkers, and current treatment options for this condition.