Prevalensen av Meticillinresistent Staphylococcus aureus CC/ST398 i länder som Sverige importerar mest kött ifrån och risk för spridning till Sverige.

Background: MRSA or Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus consists of several strains in the bacterial species called Staphylococcus aureus. MRSA is resistant to methicillin but also to other types of antibiotics. Spread can occur both directly between humans and between humans and animals, but also indirectly through air. The number of positive bacterial cultures for MRSA in Sweden increases every year. The prevalence of MRSA of different types varies in different countries. LA-MRSA is a livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus that was first discovered in the Netherlands in pigs. This bacterial type belongs to a specific clone called CC398 (clonal complex 398), were most belonged to a specific sequence type called ST398 (multi locus sequence type 398). The CC398 strain are constantly acquiring new features including virulence factors such as the PVL-gene has been reported and associated with serious infections in humans and animals. This specific bacterial clone is found primarily in food producing animals around Europe, and it can infect humans and cause infection. It occurs mainly in pigs and can be spread through contaminated pork or other meat products to humans. Purpose: This work was aimed to survey the prevalence of LA-MRSA in the countries from which Sweden imports most meat from and to review the spread from meat products. Method: This study is been based on information on antibiotic use among food producing animals and the proportion of reported cases of MRSA in the countries from which meat was imported. Scientific studies in all countries was used to obtain information on the prevalence of MRSA CC/ST 398 and on its characteristics. Results: The countries from which Sweden imports most meat are Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands, pork import dominates. In 2018 there were 27,260 tonnes of pork imported from Denmark and 45,197 tonnes from Germany, compared with imports from the Netherlands, which amounted to 6,888 tonnes. Germany has the highest antibiotic consumption ...