Comparison of rectosigmoidoscopy to total colonoscopy for the evaluation of mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis ; Comparaison de la rectosigmoïdoscopie à la coloscopie totale pour l’évaluation de la cicatrisation muqueuse au cours de la rectocolite hémorragique

Background : Management of ulcerative colitis have changed this past few year, with the development of new therapeutic goals included mucosal healing. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of rectosigmoidoscopy (RS) with colonoscopy (CO) to predict mucosal healing (CM) and histological healing. Materials and Methods : UC patients were prospectively included between January 2021 and January 2023. During follow-up colonoscopy endoscopic activity was measured using the MAYO endoscopic score on each colonic segment. Biopsies were also took on each segment. The correlation between RS or rectoscopy alone and CO in terms of endoscopic and histological mucosal healing was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient. Results : 80 patients were included. 34 patients were MAYO 0 in RS and CT, 44 were not healed in RS and CT. The correlation between the two exams was almost perfect with an index к of 0.949 (p=0) for MAYO 0, and к of 0.945 (p=0) for MAYO 0-1. The correlation between histological healing in RS and CT was almost perfect (к=0.877, p<0.001). Additionally, the correlation between rectoscopy and CT for the evaluation of mucosal healing MAYO 0 and histological healing was almost perfect (к=0.826 (p < 0.001) and к=0.8 (p < 0.001), respectively). Conclusion : RS is sufficient in UC to assess both endoscopic mucosal healing (whether defined by a Mayo score of 0 or 1) and histological healing. With a false negative rate < 10%, rectoscopy could be a less invasive exam to assess healing in UC. ; Introduction : de nouveaux objectifs thérapeutiques sont récemment apparus dans la prise en charge de la rectocolite hémorragique (RCH). L'objectif de cette étude était de comparer les performances de la rectosigmoïdoscopie (RS) à celle de la coloscopie totale pour évaluer la cicatrisation muqueuse (CM) totale Mayo 0 et la cicatrisation histologique. Matériels et méthodes : les patients ont été inclus de façon prospective entre janvier 2021 et janvier 2023 au moment de leur coloscopie de suivi au ...