Adaptation and Resilience in Middle-aged, Young Old, and Old Cataract Patients ; Anpassung und Resilienz bei mittelalten, jungen alten und alten Kataraktpatienten

Title and Table of Contents Acknowledgments XIII Abstract XIV Zusammenfassung XV The division of the Holy and Profane 38 1\. Introduction 1 2\. Theoretical Background 8 2.1 The Resilience Paradigm 8 2.2 Models of Development in Midlife and Old Age 19 2.3 Non-Normative Events in the Life Course 38 2.4 Multimorbidity and Vision Impairment as Threats and Challenges to Adaptation and Resilience in Midlife and Old Age 40 2.5 Correlates of Adaptation and Resilience in Midlife and Old Age I: The Resource Perspective 51 2.6 Correlates of Adaptation and Resilience in Midlife and Old Age II: The Process Perspective 64 2.7 Selection of the Present Study Setting 74 3\. Research Questions and Hypotheses 80 3.1 Health, Vision, and Criteria of Adaptation in the Present Study Setting 81 3.2 Pre- and Post-Surgical Age-Group Differences in Multimorbidity and Visual Acuity 82 3.3 Age-Group Differences in Personal and Social Resources and Self- Regulation Strategies 82 3.4 Pre- and Post-Surgical Age-Group Differences in Cognitive-Emotional and Functional Adaptation, and Changes in these Criteria 83 3.5 Correlates of Cognitive-Emotional and Functional Adaptation 84 3.6 Moderators in the Adaptational Process prior to Surgery 85 3.7 ADL/IADL Difficulty as a Mediator in the Relation between Objective Health and Vision and Well-Being 87 3.8 Correlates of Change in the Criteria of Adaptation 88 3.9 Moderators in the Process of Post-Surgical Adaptation 89 4\. Method 92 4.1 Selection Criteria for the Study Sample 92 4.2 Data Collection and Recruitment of Patients 92 4.3 Design 93 4.4 Measures 95 4.5 Sample 114 4.6 General Statistical Procedures 118 5\. Results 122 PART I. Age-Group Differences, Status and Change in the Central Variables and Their Interrelations 122 5.1 Vision and Health 122 5.2 Generalized Expectancies: Self-Efficacy, Dispositional Optimism and Control Beliefs 135 5.3 Social Resources 135 5.4 Personal Life Investment 137 5.5 Coping 139 5.6 Criteria of Adaptation I: Subjective Well-Being 144 5.7 Criteria of Adaptation II: ...