Gründung und Auflösung Gemeinschaften, die von der Indianergrenze geboren wurden. Der Fall Argentinien. ; Creation and dissolution of communities resulting from an Indian Frontier. The case of Argentina. ; Construcción y disolución de comunidades que nacieron de la frontera india. El caso argentino. ; Construction et dissolution de communautés nées d’une frontière indigène. Le cas argentin. ; Costruzione e dissoluzione di comunità nate da una frontiera indigena. Il caso argentino.

International audience ; Some Latin American countries such as Argentina or Chile had an atypical colonization and large independent native areas survived till the military campaigns at the end of the 19th century. The fluctuating and porous indian Frontier allowed the emergence of an original, multi-ethnic and interdependent society, with alternating periods of violence and peaceful relationship. Some groups like captives or huinca (christian) renegades in the indian territory or Natives in creole country formed important communities. The Independence generated other kinds of groups outside the Creoles' area because of the Civil War and merciless political conflicts lasting until the 1880's, for the Native's society kept till the end a custom of integration into their communities. Argentina is then a good place for the study of such groups generated by a multi-ethnic and turbulent History and destroyed by the ideology of a dominant culture, aiming to exclude groups supposed to be an obstacle to a united and ethnically homogeneous country : white and European. After the idea to associate these groups at the Independence, this ideology then wanted to prove that the only reasonable way to follow was the dissolution. What Carlos Martínez Sarasola, anthropologist, had called "La Argentina que no fue". ; Unos países latinoamericanos tales como Argentina o Chile experimentaron una colonización atípica con la persistencia de vastos territorios autóctonos independientes hasta las campañas militares a finales del siglo XIX. La Frontera india – fluctuante y porosa – favoreció el surgimiento de una sociedad singular, multiétnica e interdependiente, en la que alternaban períodos de violencia y de relaciones pacíficas ; comunidades tales como las de cautivos o tránsfugas huinca (cristianos) en territorio indio, de Indios en país criollo salieron a luz. La Independencia iba a generar otras formas de comunidades fuera del espacio criollo por causa de la guerra civil y luego de luchas políticas fratricidas durante siete décadas ...