نبذة مختصرة : Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common childhood malignancies with a prevalence of 40 per million children under 15 years old. This study aimed to investigate the expression of myopathic markers following the use of chemotherapeutic agents in children with leukemia and the role of inflammatory cytokines in this disorder. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on children with ALL with and without symptoms of myopathy who were hospitalized at Shahid Baghaei 2 Hospital. These two groups were compared in terms of aldolase, creatine kinase, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 software. Results: Of the 40 children with ALL with and without symptoms of myopathy, the mean age was 8.68 ± 3.89 years. There was no significant relationship between inflammatory cytokines and age; however, there was a significant difference in gender between the case and control groups (P=0.047), with inflammatory cytokines being higher in boys than girls. The serum aldolase level in the case group did not differ significantly from the control group (P=0.947). The serum creatine kinase level was significantly reduced in the case compared to the control group (P=0.009). Also, the serum levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and INF-γ were not significantly different between the case and control groups. Conclusion: Since inflammation caused by malignancies is one of the factors causing myopathy, inflammatory markers can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in patients with various types of malignancies.
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