نبذة مختصرة : Industrial renewal and restructuring take place through a dual process where on the one hand long periods of incremental innovation and technological changes gradually transform industrial structure, and on the other hand, radical technological paradigm shifts reshape economic landscape in a more fundamental way. Such a dual process has resulted in the rise and fall of regional economies and the restructuring of industrial areas, and we now have several examples of where such process has forced the restructuring of regional economies in Europe, North America, and Japan (Schamp 2005; Hassink 2007), the Asian newly industrialized economies since the mid-1990s (Grunsven and Smakman 2005), and emerging economies such as mainland China since the 2000s (Wei et al. 2009). Disturbances and shocks that emerge at the global, national, regional, and local level in the form of institutional transformation, policy changes, fluctuation of currency exchange rates, and technological shifts have a remarkable impact over industrial development and may result in decline, atrophy, or even shutdown of an entire industry in certain geographical areas (Martin and Sunley 2015). Resilience of regional economies in the face of disturbances and shocks has been valued as a key feature a region should possess in order to achieve sustainable development (Martin and Sunley 2015). One type of regional resilience is related to creative destruction (Schumpeter 1939, 1942), referring not only to the capability of local entrepreneurs to develop new product or processes that can replace the traditional ones and render the latter obsolete in the short term (Schumpeter 1942) but also to the capability of a certain geographical region to generate and attract new entrants to offset the destruction caused by firm exit and industrial decline. This process of firm exit and entry is dynamic and complex, underlining the broader industrial evolution and economic development.
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