COVID-19 DURING PREGNANCY: IMMEDIATE AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE INFECTIOUS PROCESS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL PATHOLOGY OF NEWBORNS

A review of the scientific literature has been conducted, including randomized clinical studies on the state of health and pathology of the nervous system of newborns whose mothers suffered a new coronavirus infection during pregnancy. Publications of PubMed, ClinicalKey, MedLine, Google Scholar databases were analyzed. The article was selected if it reported data on newborns with neurological disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The processes of fetal brain damage, due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the mother, are triggered in utero. At the same time, there are not only functional disorders, but also structural damage to the substance (hyperechogenicity of the white matter and basal ganglia, a decrease in the amount of tissue myelin). The main cause of perinatal neurological disorders is pathological perfusion of the placenta due to altered coagulation, inflammatory changes or microangiopathic conditions, what causes hypoxic and ischemic brain damage to the fetus and newborn.