نبذة مختصرة : In this contribution we question the role that urban agriculture and private garden have in the city fabric. On one hand, more than a passing trend, urban agriculture (UA) has become a part of modern cities. According to some authors, it provides some ecosystem services (well-being, food, carbon storage, water captation, biodiversity…) contributing to create more livable cities (Stella et al., 2022). Local stakeholders enhance and implement agricultural activities into urban and periurban areas to expect different functions. Although these functions are recognized, they cannot be generalized. Not all forms of urban agriculture provide the same services. Unfortunately, reliable methodologies to characterize and quantify these services are still lacking. On the other hand, Urban Domestic Gardens (UDG) – understand as private houses’ yards – are an important part of urban green infrastructures (Mathieu et al., 2007) and also contribute to ecosystem services provision (Cameron et al., 2012). At urban planning scale, those functions -and particularly the food auto-production one- are still not recognized as they should by cities to enhance local resilience. How municipalities take into account UA and UDG into territorial project ? Which issues and functions are related to UA and UDG ? How does territorial context determine the consideration for those functions ? Based on the analysis of urban plans, we detected the role attributed to urban agriculture and UDG. We carried out a thematic analysis following an occurrence analysis of key words (collective or private or community or allotment garden, urban or micro farms, roof top, etc…) within the plans (52 for UA and 200 for UDG) focusing on the Ile de France region. We selected this area based on several criteria. First is the region that concentrates the most UA projects, around 900 according to the French Professional Urban Agriculture observatory. Second, it is the most populated area and most of the population lives in an urban unit. Finally, the urban tissue is very heterogeneous including many private gardens. We also realized a statistical processing cross-referencing the results to external and territorial context. We delved deeper withsome interviews to local stakeholders (10 for UA and 17 for UDG). It emerges that the main issues related to urban agriculture and private garden are : 1-Urban agriculture and private gardens contribute to the resilience of cities in the face of global changes in particular « urban greenery » and « climate change mitigation ».2- Re-territorialization of agriculture is related to the possibility for accessing to local food in order to promote food production resiliency.We note that some factors influence the consideration of those issues and urban agriculture and private gardens. Generally speaking, allotment gardens are the forms of UA best taken into account in the planning document (Consalès et al., 2018) thanks to their origin, legal protection and size. Their are more related to quality of life or environmental issues (ex. biodiversity or green and blue grid). The community garden or urban microfarms are more related to social cohesion and educational issues but are less present in those documents. Perceptions of UDG are ambivalent: between a land available for urban densification and a biodiversity corridor that needs to be preserved. We also observed correlations between the socio-political profile of municipalities and the integration of those topics into the territorial project. We noted that these topics are treated more in the presentation part of the plan that remain more declarative than operational and regulatory. There seem to be contextual and technical constraints on the implementation of regulatory mechanisms to preserve and develop these areas.
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