Physics by Aristotle.

In modern times, with the growth of natural science, most of the topics treated by Aristotle in Physics would be classified as metaphysics. The collection of treatises bearing that name has come to stand for any speculative question concerning first principles, and in that light the topics of the Physics are closer to metaphysics than to modern questions of physics. Aristotle begins by considering the number and character of the first principles of nature, and he goes on to argue against Parmenides’ speculative theories. Nevertheless, the topics here considered do concern first principles of the physical world, and the work is still a classic in its grasp of issues fundamental to all physical inquiry.