- Alternate Title:
Suicidal behavior in high school and college students in San Juan de Pasto, Colombia. (English)
- الموضوع:
- نبذة مختصرة :
Suicidal behavior, in its different manifestations, represents an international public health problem, being one of the ten main causes of general mortality and one of the three top main causes of death in adolescence and young adulthood. The statistics of suicidal attempts are also very worrying, even more if it is considered that for each case of suicide attempt attended in a health-care center, it is estimated that there are four non-reported and non-attended cases. Several studies report the importance of considering the role of some risk factors such as a family loss, a family history of suicidal behaviors, severe mental health problems in the family, economic problems, personality disorders, non-stable mood state, aggressiveness, impulsiveness and social alienation. When those problems are combined with alcohol or drug abuse, the suicide risk is higher. The presence of suicidal behaviors in Latin-Americans high school and university students has been reported by different papers in which the suicidal ideation indicators range from 8% to 25% and the suicide attempts vary from 8% to 12%. In these papers the difference between women and men is highlighted, given that the first group has a higher propensity of suicidal attempts and men group is in full risk of committed suicide. There are no statistics that confirm the differences between high school and university students. Some studies have confirmed the importance of stressful life events in the suicide phenomenon during adolescents, especially of interpersonal and emotional stressors. Few studies have inquired about the characteristics of suicidal behaviors in student population in Colombia. For this reason, health promotion and suicide prevention actions have not reached the expected effects. The purpose of this study is to know the prevalence and the characteristics of suicidal behavior in high school and college students in the city of San Juan de Pasto. A descriptive study was developed with 463 students belonging to six high schools and two universities, which ensures equal proportions regarding level (high school or university), gender and type of education (public or private). Their ages range from 9 to 30 years old. The Parasuicide Indicators Schedule (CIP- Cédula de Indicadores Parasuicidas) was applied; it was part of a battery of tests of the «Adaptation and validation of psychological instruments in students of San Juan de Pasto» project, which was approved by the ethical committee of the University of Nariño. The stressful life events questionnaire for adolescents (Cuestionario de Eventos Estresantes Vitales para Adolescentes -EEVA-Udenar) was applied to a randomly selected sub-sample. The prevalence of suicidal behavior was of 30%, 18% of the sample analyzed had suicidal thoughts, 4% had suicidal plans and 8% reported previous suicide attempts. The suicidal behavior was more frequent in women than in men and it is unsettling that the proportion of suicide attempts between women and men is 3:1. Suicide behaviors were more frequent in students whose ages ranged from 17 to 20 years old..… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- نبذة مختصرة :
La conducta suicida en sus distintas formas representa un problema de salud pública internacional, ya que se encuentra dentro de las diez principales causas de mortalidad general y entre las tres primeras causas de muerte en el grupo de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Las estadísticas acerca de los intentos de suicidio también son preocupantes y más aún si se considera que por cada caso de intento de suicidio que recibe ayuda en un centro de salud, se estima que existen cuatro intentos no reportados, ni atendidos. Diversas investigaciones han señalado la importancia de considerar el papel de algunos factores de riesgo, tales como: la pérdida de algún familiar, la presencia previa de una historia de suicidio en la familia, problemas graves de salud mental en la familia, los factores económicos, alteraciones de la personalidad, estado de ánimo inestable, agresividad, impulsividad y alienación social. Cuando éstas se combinan con abuso de alcohol y drogas aumenta el riesgo de suicidio. La presencia de conductas suicidas en estudiantes de educación secundaria y universitaria de Latinoamérica ha sido reportada por diferentes investigaciones, en las cuales se han hallado indicadores de ideación suicida que oscilan entre el ocho y el 25% de los casos, mientras que los intentos de suicidio varían entre el ocho y el 12%. El objetivo de este estudio se centró en conocer la presencia y las características de las conductas suicidas en estudiantes de colegios y universidades de la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con 463 estudiantes, pertenecientes a seis colegios y dos universidades, de edades comprendidas entre nueve y 30 años, garantizando participaciones similares por nivel (secundaria o superior), género y sector (público o privado). Se aplicó una versión adaptada de la Cédula de Indicadores Parasuicidas (CIP), la cual fue parte de una batería de pruebas del proyecto «Adaptación y validación de instrumentos psicológicos en estudiantes de la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto», proyecto avalado por el Comité de ética de la Universidad de Nariño. Los resultados mostraron que cerca de un 30% de los estudiantes encuestados ha tenido alguna conducta suicida durante su vida. De esta manera, se encontró que 18% presentaron ideas suicidas y el 8% llevaron a cabo intentos de suicidio. Los análisis de contingencia demostraron que la conducta suicida se presenta de manera distinta dependiendo del género y del nivel educativo (secundaria o superior). Además, se halló mayor presencia de conductas suicidas en mujeres, en jóvenes entre los 17 y 20 años, en universitarios y en estudiantes del sector público..… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- نبذة مختصرة :
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