Targeting Programmed Cell Death in Flap Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101596414 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2218-273X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2218273X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomolecules Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2011-

Reperfusion Injury*/pathology ; Reperfusion Injury*/metabolism ; Reperfusion Injury*/drug therapy ; Surgical Flaps*/pathology ; Surgical Flaps*/blood supply ; Apoptosis*/drug effects; Humans ; Animals ; Necrosis

A skin flap is a composite tissue unit comprising skin and subcutaneous fat with an intact vascular supply. Skin flaps are commonly employed for wound reconstruction, transplantation of damaged tissues, and cosmetic procedures. However, flap necrosis resulting from ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a frequent complication, leading to surgical failure. Therefore, This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms and therapeutic interventions targeting specific modalities of programmed cell death (PCD) in the context of IRI compromising flap survival. These interventions encompass a range of strategies, including preconditioning, systemic administration, and local drug delivery. Furthermore, we summarize key therapeutic targets for various types of PCD, along with shared pathways and therapies applicable across multiple PCD modalities. The findings presented in this review validate the feasibility of targeted therapies against PCD to prevent post-reconstructive flap necrosis. These findings provide novel strategies, such as targeting common pathways in PCD and leveraging diverse biomaterials, to enhance therapeutic outcomes. Further clinical investigations are warranted to target PCD pathways for the treatment of flap necrosis.

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KJQN202300455 the Project of Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Education Commission; 2024MSXM086 Joint Medical Research Project by Chongqing Health Commission and Natural Science Founda-tion of Chongqing; cx2023076 Chongqing Overseas Returnees Entrepreneurship and Innovation Support Program; W0206 CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine; YXLJ202415 Leading Medical Talents Program in Chongqing; CSTB2023NSCQ-BHX0102 Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality

Keywords: ischemia–reperfusion injury; programmed cell death; skin flap necrosis; targeted therapy

Date Created: 20250729 Date Completed: 20250730 Latest Revision: 20250801

20250801

PMC12292106

10.3390/biom15070911

40723782