Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190741 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1479-5876 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14795876 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Transl Med Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [London] : BioMed Central, 2003-

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/drug therapy ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*/drug therapy ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*/complications ; Obesity*/complications ; Obesity*/drug therapy ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists*; Humans ; Publication Bias ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

The systematic review was registered on the PROSPERO website (CRD42024558287). Our objective is to systematically summarise the clinical evidence of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with Obesity or/and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. 10 databases and registers Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, APA PsycInfo, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) were retrieved from the establishment to July 14, 2024 for related randomized controlled trials (RCT) and non-RCTs. Data were extracted by two investigators separately, and only the RCTs were included in the quantitative synthesis. The outcome was operated by Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 15.0. Ten studies containing eight RCTs and two non-RCTs were included. The efficacy of the GLP-1 RA group in reducing apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was superior to that of the control group in patients with T2DM (MD = -5.68, 95%CI [-7.97, -3.38], P < 0.00001, I² = 0%). GLP-1 RAs also possessed a tendency to reduce AHI in patients with obesity but more evidence is needed to support the findings due to the inconsistency. In consideration of the enhanced metabolic parameters observed with GLP-1 RAs, they may be recommended as useful hypoglycaemic medication for the management of T2DM with OSA. Patients with obesity and OSA may consider GLP-1 RA as a potential treatment option if the adverse events are deemed tolerable.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)

Declarations. Ethical statement: Not applicable. Conflict of interest: The named authors have no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

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2015B01022 International Cooperation Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes by Traditional Chinese Medicine; 90020165120003 Traditional Chinese Medicine intervention of metabolic diseases research project; 2024-JYB-KYPT-002 Key Laboratory Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education Preservation

Keywords: Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonists; Obesity; Obstructive sleep apnea; Sleep-disordered breathing parameters; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

0 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists)

Date Created: 20250404 Date Completed: 20250404 Latest Revision: 20250728

20260130

PMC11967144

10.1186/s12967-025-06302-y

40181368