Praxis theory of suffering.

The praxis theory of suffering is a healthcare model used to guide nurses seeking to ease patient suffering. It is credited to the New Zealand-born anthropologist and nursing care researcher Janice Morse, who first published the theory in 2001 and expanded on it throughout the 2010s. The central aspects of the praxis theory of suffering posit that patients experience two main types of suffering, which Morse describes as “enduring” and “emotional” suffering. Morse also identifies tools caregivers can purposefully apply in interactive ways to diminish patient distress.