Comparison of the Clinical and Radiological Features of COVID-19 and Other Viral Pneumonias.

COVID-19 ve Diğer Viral Pnömonilerin Klinik ve Radyolojik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması. (Turkish)

Objective: The aim of the study is to compare the differences between COVID- 19 pneumonia and other viral pneumonia (OVP) in terms of demographic, clinical and radiological features. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Gazi University Hospital between 11 March and 24 May 2020. Patients, admitted to the hospital with suspected COVID-19 infection aged >18 years and those who had pneumonia on chest computed tomography (CT) scan were evaluated. SARSCoV- 2 RT-PCR and multiplex PCR, for other respiratory viruses, were performed. Patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR were included in “COVID-19 pneumonia” group and those who had a positive result for any other respiratory viruses and two consecutive negative results for SARS-CoV-2 were included in the “OVP” group. Two groups were compared in terms of clinical, laboratory and chest CT findings. Results: Of the 63 patients included in the study, 45 had COVID-19 pneumonia and 18 had OVP. Cough, nasal congestion, sputum production and leukocytosis were more common in the OVP group while leukopenia was more common in the COVID-19 pneumonia (p<0.05). The distribution pattern of parenchymal lesions on chest CT was more likely to be predominantly peripheral and posterior in COVID-19 pneumonia compared to OVP. Bilateral involvement was also more frequent in COVID-19 group compared to OVP (p<0.05). Conclusion: Distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from OVP with clinical and laboratory findings is difficult. Chest CT findings such as peripheral and posterior distribution of the parenchymal lesions and bilateral involvement may help to differentiate COVID-19 pneumonia from OVP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 pnömonisi ile diğer viral pnömoniler (OVP) arasındaki farklılıkları demografik, klinik ve radyolojik özellikler açısından karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Bu retrospektif kohort çalışmaya, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu şüphesiyle hastaneye başvuran ve bilgisayarlı toraks tomografisinde pnömoni bulgusu olan, 18 yaşından büyük hastalar dahil edildi. Tüm hastaların solunum yolu örneklerinde SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR ve diğer solunum yolu virüsleri için multipleks PCR çalışıldı. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testi pozitif olan hastalar “COVID-19 grubu”, multipleks PCR’da herhangi bir solunum yolu virüsü izole edilen ve ardışık 2 SARSCoV- 2 RT-PCR testi negatif gelen hastalar “diğer solunum yolu virüsleri (SYV) grubu” olarak sınıflandırıldı. İki grup klinik özellikler, laboratuvar bulguları ve akciğer tomografisi bulguları açısından karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 63 hastanın 45’inde COVID pnömonisi, 18’inde SYV’ne bağlı pnömoni saptandı. Öksürük, balgam, nazal konjesyon ve lökositoz SYV grubunda, lökopeni ise COVID-19 grubunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti (p <0.05). Parankimal lezyonların akciğer tomografisinde dağılım paterni, SYV grubuna kıyasla COVID-19 grubunda daha sıklıkla periferik ve posterior olma eğilimindeydi. COVID-19 grubunda bilateral tutulum SYV grubuna göre daha sıktı (p <0.05). Sonuç: COVID-19 pnömonisini SYV’ne bağlı pnömoniden klinik ve laboratuvar bulguları ile ayırt etmek zordur. Akciğer tomografisinde parankimal lezyonların periferal ve posterior dağılımı ve bilateral tutulum gibi bulgular COVID-19 pnömonisini SYV’ne bağlı pnömoniden ayırt etmeye yardımcı olabilir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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