Turismo, pol?ticas p?blicas e desenvolvimento: uma avalia??o do programa de regionaliza??o do turismo nas cinco regi?es tur?sticas do Rio Grande do Norte (2004-2014)

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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
A import?ncia crescente do turismo, enquanto atividade econ?mica que dinamiza a economia de diversos lugares tem propiciado, cada vez mais, interven??es planejadas do Estado. No caso do Brasil, o turismo somente ocupa lugar de destaque no planejamento governamental com a cria??o do Minist?rio do Turismo (MTur) em 2003, momento que marca a concep??o do Programa de Regionaliza??o do Turismo (PRT), o qual tem sido concebido como estruturante na atual Pol?tica Nacional do setor. A constata??o da fr?gil literatura desenvolvida at? o momento sobre como avaliar pol?ticas p?blicas de turismo, bem como a necessidade de se mensurar com os mesmos crit?rios avaliativos os processos e resultados conseguidos com o PRT nas cinco regi?es tur?sticas do estado, nos motivaram a realizar a pesquisa ?Turismo, Pol?ticas P?blicas e Desenvolvimento: uma avalia??o do Programa de Regionaliza??o do Turismo nas cinco regi?es tur?sticas do Rio Grande do Norte (2004-2014)? que teve como objetivo geral avaliar a implementa??o do Programa de Regionaliza??o do Turismo no per?odo entre 2004 a 2014 no RN. Especificamente objetivou a) Analisar o desenho institucional do PRT; b) Compreender a conjuntura geogr?fica, econ?mica, sociocultural e de investimentos p?blicos realizados nos munic?pios de cada regi?o tur?stica do RN; c) Aferir os graus de efic?cia segundo os eixos de avalia??o e respectivos indicadores no ?mbito das regi?es e munic?pios escolhidos e d) Identificar os elementos facilitadores e dificultadores dos resultados do Programa, em ?mbito regional e municipal. O processo metodol?gico utilizado incluiu a elabora??o de uma matriz de avalia??o da implementa??o do Programa, al?m da revis?o bibliogr?fica, pesquisa documental, coleta de dados secund?rios e pesquisa de campo com visitas aos munic?pios e regi?es pesquisadas, assim como participa??o nas reuni?es dos conselhos de turismo e realiza??o de entrevistas. Os resultados apresentados confirmam a hip?tese defendida, de que o PRT apresenta no processo de sua implementa??o baixa efic?cia e resultados aqu?m das suas possibilidades nas regi?es tur?sticas do estado, em virtude da insufici?ncia dos recursos materiais, humanos e financeiros durante a implementa??o, bem como pela fragilidade com que ocorrem as articula??es institucionais necess?rias (nacional, estadual, regional e municipal).
The growing importance of tourism while an economic activity that invigorates the economy of several places has increasingly provided planned interventions by the State. In the case of Brazil, tourism is only a prominent part of government planning with the creation of the Ministry of Tourism (MTur) in 2003. This is the definitive moment when the Tourism Regionalization Program (PRT) is conceived as a structuring Current National Policy of the sector. The confirmation of the fragile literature developed so far on how to evaluate tourism public policies, as well as the need to measure the processes and results obtained with the PRT in the five tourist regions of the State, with the same evaluation criteria, motivated us to carry out the research "Tourism, Public Policies and Development: An evaluation of the Program of Regionalization of Tourism in the five tourist regions of Rio Grande do Norte (2004-2014)", whose overall objective was to evaluate the implementation of the Tourism Regionalization Program in the period 2004 to 2014 in RN. Specifically, it aimed at: a) Analyzing the institutional design of the PRT; b) Understand the geographical, economic, socio-cultural and public investment situation in the municipalities of each RN tourist region; c) Assess the degree of effectiveness according to the evaluation axes and respective indicators within the chosen regions and municipalities and d) Identify the elements that facilitate and impede the results of the Program at the regional and municipal levels. The methodological process used included the preparation of an evaluation matrix for the implementation of the Program, as well as bibliographical review, documentary research, secondary data collection and field research with visits to the cities and regions surveyed, participation in meetings of tourism councils and implementation of interviews. The results presented indicate that the PRT presents in the process of its implementation low effectiveness and results that are below its possibilities in the tourist regions of the State due to insufficient material, human and financial resources during its implementation, as well as the fragility with which the necessary institutional articulations are (be National, State, Regional and Municipal).