نبذة مختصرة : Plastic debris is widespread in freshwater ecosystems, but a rigorous assessment of its global distribution has been hindered by a lack of comprehensive and comparable data. We performed the first standardized global survey of lakes to assess the quantity and type of plastics (>250μm). We included 38 lakes located in 23 different countries distributed across five continents, spanning different environmental gradients and varying levels of anthropogenic stress. All samples were collected by horizontal trawling of a plankton net and subsequently treated with hydrogen peroxide. We identified 9425 plastic particles, which were classified based on shape, color, and size. Polymer identification was carried out using Raman micro-spectroscopy. Our results showed that the concentration of plastics spanned four orders of magnitude (10-3-101 particles/m3). Fibers (49%) and fragments (41%) were the most frequently detected particles, suggesting a secondary origin of plastic contamination. The most commonly identified polymers were polyester (30%), polypropylene (20%), and polyethylene (16%), which are widely used in short life-cycle products and account for the majority of global plastic production. Further, we found that urban-related attributes of lakes/watersheds influenced the occurrence and type of plastics in lentic systems and larger and deeper lakes with higher retention times are accumulating plastic debris at higher concentrations. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Relation: Nava, Veronica; Aherne, Julian; Alfonso, María B.; Geraldes, Ana Maria; Attermeyer, Katrin; Bao, Roberto; Bartrons, Mireia; Berger, Stella; Biernaczyk, Marcin; Bissen, Raphael; Brookes, Justin; Brown, David; Candian, Giulia; Cañedo-Argüelles, Miguel; Canle, Moisés; Capelli, Camilla; Cereijo, Jose Luís; Carballeira, Rafael; Chawchai, Sakonvan; Chen, Guangjie; Christensen, Søren T.; Christoffersen, Kirsten Seestern; Eyto, Elvira de; Delgado, Jorge; Doubek, Jonathan; Dusaucy, Julia; Erina, Oxana; Ersoy, Zeynep; Feuchtmayr, Heidrun; Lepori, Fabio; Frezzotti, Maria Luce; Galafassi, Silvia; Gateuille, David; Gonçalves, Vítor; Grossart, Hans-Peter; Hamilton, David; Kangur, Külli; Kankılıç, Gökben Başaran; Kessler, Rebecca; Kiel, Christine; Krynak, Edward M.; Leiva-Presa, Àngels; Matias, Miguel; Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro; McElarney, Yvonne; Mitchell, Mark; Messyasz, Beata; Mlambo, Musa; Motitsoe, Samuel N.; Owens, Caroline; Özkundakci, Deniz; Pinnow, Solvig; Pociecha, Agnieszka; Raposeiro, Pedro M.; Rõõm, Eva-Ingrid; Rotta, Federica; Salmaso, Nico; Scordo, Facundo; Sibomana, Claver; Siewert, Daniel; Stepanowska, Katarzyna; Sudeep, Chandra; Tavşanoğlu, Ülkü Nihan; Tereshina, Maria; Thompson, James; Tolotti, Monica; Valois, Amanda; Verburg, Piet; Wesolek, Brian; Weyhenmeyer, Gesa; Wu, Naicheng; Zawisza, Edyta; Zink, Lauren; Leoni, Barbara (2022). Plastic debris in freshwater systems worldwide. In XXVI Congresso dell’Associazione Italiana di Oceanologia e Limnologia. San Michele all‘Adige; http://hdl.handle.net/10198/26928
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