Synergistic Enhancement of Protein Recruitment and Retention via Implant Surface Microtopography and Superhydrophilicity in a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Hydrodynamics* ; Dental Implants*; Wettability ; Osseointegration/physiology ; Surface Properties ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium/chemistry

The exact mechanisms by which implant surface properties govern osseointegration are incompletely understood. To gain insights into this process, we examined alterations in protein and blood recruitment around screw implants with different surface topographies and wettability using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Compared with a smooth surface, a microrough implant surface reduced protein infiltration from the outer zone to the implant thread and interface zones by over two-fold. However, the microrough implant surface slowed blood flow in the interface zone by four-fold. As a result, compared with the smooth surface, the microrough surface doubled the protein recruitment/retention index, defined as the mass of proteins present in the area per unit time. Converting implant surfaces from hydrophobic to superhydrophilic increased the mass of protein infiltration 2-3 times and slowed down blood flow by up to two-fold in the implant vicinity for both smooth and microrough surfaces. The protein recruitment/retention index was highest at the implant interface when the implant surface was superhydrophilic and microrough. Thus, this study demonstrates distinct control of the mass and speed of protein and blood flow through implant surface topography, wettability, and their combination, significantly altering the efficiency of protein recruitment. Although microrough surfaces showed both positive and negative impacts on protein recruitment over smooth surfaces, superhydrophilicity was consistently positive regardless of surface topography.

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2023 DIO IMPLANT Co., Ltd

Keywords: UV photofunctionalization; bone-implant integration; microrough; osseointegration; titanium dental and orthopedic implant

D1JT611TNE (Titanium)
0 (Dental Implants)

Date Created: 20231114 Date Completed: 20231115 Latest Revision: 20231117

20231215

PMC10649348

10.3390/ijms242115618

37958605