نبذة مختصرة : El presente estudio se enmarca en la investigación del fenómeno de la desigualdad de oportunidades en la educación, centrando el análisis en la segregación horizontal por especialidades en las universidades públicas de Cataluña, el País Valenciano y Baleares. En cómo el hecho de ser mujer, de origen social o educativo bajo, ya no son características de desigualdad tan claras por lo que se refiere al acceso a la educación superior en países desarrollados como sucedía en épocas anteriores. Esta desigualdad se traduce en la actualidad en la segregación por especialidades, es decir, hombres y mujeres y estudiantado de diferente nivel socioeconómico y educativo familiar están sobrerrepresentados o infrarrepresentados en las diferentes áreas de especialidad con las consecuencias a nivel de movilidad social que, quedar al margen de determinados ámbitos o sectores de estudios y profesionales, puede conllevar.
نبذة مختصرة : This study falls within the realm of investigating the phenomenon of opportunity inequality in higher education, with a specific focus on the horizontal specialization-based segregation in public universities in Catalonia, the Valencian Country, and the Balearic Islands. It sheds light on how, within the context of the expansion of higher education, specialization-based horizontal segregation emerges as a novel form of disparity in higher education, which compounds the still-persistent vertical segregation for students from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. The findings reveal that within the public university systems of Catalonia, the Valencian Country, and the Balearic Islands, there exist majors segregated by students’ sex and social background. Women and students from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds are the most adversely affected within fields of study with greater prospects for social mobility. Moreover, when these boundaries are challenged – for example, when women venture into male-dominated sectors – a process of "resegregation" unfolds, leading to women predominantly engaging in more communal, less esteemed, and lower remunerated activities, while men gravitate towards agentic pursuits, characterized by higher prestige and income. Consequently, the analyzed public university system has, thus far, been unable to rectify the inequalities stemming from specialization-based segregation concerning equity and social mobility.
Programa de Doctorat en Desenvolupament Local i Cooperació Internacional
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