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The effect of white-noise mask level on sinewave contrast detection thresholds and the critical-band-masking model

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  • المؤلفون: Serrano Pedraza, Ignacio; Sierra Vázquez, Vicente
  • نوع التسجيلة:
    Electronic Resource
  • الدخول الالكتروني :
    https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/51815
    http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8843714&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S1138741600006156
  • معلومة اضافية
    • Publisher Information:
      2023-06-20T11:11:40Z 2023-06-20T11:11:40Z 2006-11
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      It is known that visual noise added to sinusoidal gratings changes the typical U-shaped threshold curve which becomes flat in log-log scale for frequencies below 10c/deg when gratings are masked with white noise of high power spectral density level. These results have been explained using the critical-band-masking (CBM) model by supposing a visual filter-bank of constant relative bandwidth. However, some psychophysical and biological data support the idea of variable octave bandwidth. The CBM model has been used here to explain the progressive change of threshold curves with the noise mask level and to estimate the bandwidth of visual filters. Bayesian staircases were used in a 2IFC paradigm to measure contrast thresholds of horizontal sinusoidal gratings (0.25-8 c/deg) within a fixed Gaussian window and masked with one-dimensional, static, broadband white noise with each of five power density levels. Raw data showed that the contrast threshold curve progressively shifts upward and flattens out as the mask noise level increases. Theoretical thresholds from the CBM model were fitted simultaneously to the data at all five noise levels using visual filters with log-Gaussian gain functions. If we assume a fixed-channel detection model, the best fit was obtained when the octave bandwidth of visual filters decreases as a function of peak spatial frequency.
      El ruido visual añadido a enrejados sinusoidales cambia la típica forma en U de la curva de umbral, que se transforma en una función casi uniforme (en escala log-log) cuando los enrejados son enmascarados por ruido blanco cuya densidad espectral de potencia (o nivel) es alta. Ese hecho se ha explicado mediante el modelo de enmascaramiento basado en bandas críticas (modelo CBM) suponiendo que la anchura de banda relativa (en octavas) de los filtros visuales es constante. Sin embargo, estudios biológicos y psicofísicos apoyan la idea de la variación de la anchura de banda con la frecuencia de sintonía de los filtros. En este trabajo se ha utilizado el modelo CBM para explicar el cambio progresivo de la curva de umbral con el nivel del ruido y, a la vez, para estimar la anchura de banda de los filtros visuales. Para ello, se midieron (utilizando escaleras bayesianas en un paradigma 2IFC) los umbrales de contraste de enrejados sinusoidales (de 0.25 a 8 c/gav), presentados dentro de una ventana Gaussiana fija y enmascarados por ruido blanco 1D estático con cada uno de cinco niveles. Los resultados indican que, en efecto, al aumentar el nivel del ruido, los umbrales de contraste se hacen cada vez mayores y, a la vez, la curva de umbral se va aplanando progresivamente. Utilizando el modelo CBM, los umbrales teóricos se ajustaron a los datos simultáneamente en todos los niveles de ruido suponiendo que la función de ganancia de los filtros visuales es log-Gaussiana y que la detección se lleva a cabo por el filtro sintonizado a la frecuencia del enrejado. Con esos supuestos razonables, el ajuste fue adecuado sólo cuando la anchura de banda relativa de los filtros visuales decrece con su frecuencia espacial de sintonía.
      Depto. de Psicología Experimental, Procesos Cognitivos y Logopedia
      Fac. de Psicología
      TRUE
      pub
    • الموضوع:
    • Note:
      application/pdf
      1138-7416
      English
    • Other Numbers:
      ESRCM oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/51815
      Alcalá-Quintana, R., & García-Pérez, M. A. (2004). The role of parametric assumptions in adaptive Bayesian estimation. Psychological Methods, 9, 250-271. Barten, P.G.J. (1999). Contrast sensitivity of the human eye and its effects on image quality. Bellingham, Washington: SPIE Optical Engineering Press. Blackwell, K.T. (1998). The effect of white and filtered noise on contrast detection thresholds. Vision Research, 38, 267-280. DePalma, J. J., & Lowry, E.M. (1962). Sine-wave response of the visual system. II. Sine-wave and square-wave sensitivity. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 52, 328-335. De Valois, R.L., Albrecht, D.G., & Thorell, L.G. (1982). Spatial frequency selectivity of cells in macaque visual cortex. Vision Research, 22, 545-559. De Valois, R.L., & De Valois, K.K. (1988). Spatial vision. Oxford:Oxford University Press. Emerson, P.L. (1986). Observations on maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods of forced-choice sequential threshold estimation. Perception & Psychophysics, 39,151-153. Fletcher, H. (1940). Auditory patterns. Reviews of Modern Physics,12, 47-65. García-Pérez, M.A. (1998). Forced-choice staircases with fixed steps sizes: Asymptotic and small-sample properties. Vision Research, 38, 1861-1881. García-Pérez, M. A., & Peli, E. (2001). Luminance artifacts of cathode-ray tube displays for vision research. Spatial Vision,14, 201-215. Green, D.M., & Swets, J.A. (1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. Huntington, NY: Krieger. Hartmann, W.M. (1998). Signals, sound, and sensation. NY: Springer-Verlag. Henning, G.B., Hertz, B.G., & Hinton, J.L. (1981). Effects of different hypothetical detection mechanisms on the shape of spatialfrequency filters inferred from masking experiments. I. noise masks. Journal of the Optical Society of America, 71, 574-581. Hess, R.F., & Nordby, K. (1986). Spatial and temporal limits of vision in the achromat. Journal of Physiology, 371, 365-385. Kelly, D.H. (1975). Spatial frequency selectivity in the re
      1138-7416
      10.1017/S1138741600006156
      1413947249
    • Contributing Source:
      REPOSITORIO E-PRINTS UNIVERSIDAD COMPLU
      From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative.
    • الرقم المعرف:
      edsoai.on1413947249
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