UHRF1 overexpression promotes osteosarcoma metastasis through altered exosome production and AMPK/SEMA3E suppression.

eScholarship, University of California 2022-09-01

Loss-of-function mutations at the retinoblastoma (RB1) gene are associated with increased mortality, metastasis, and poor therapeutic outcome in several cancers, including osteosarcoma. However, the mechanism(s) through which RB1 loss worsens clinical outcome remains understudied. Ubiquitin-like with PHD and Ring Finger domains 1 (UHRF1) has been identified as a critical downstream effector of the RB/E2F signaling pathway that is overexpressed in various cancers. Here, we determined the role and regulatory mechanisms of UHRF1 in rendering osteosarcoma cells more aggressive. Higher UHRF1 expression correlated with malignancy in osteosarcoma cell lines, clinical samples, and genetically engineered mouse models. Gain- and loss-of-function assays revealed that UHRF1 has cell-intrinsic and extrinsic functions promoting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. UHRF1 overexpression induced angiogenesis by suppressing AMPK activation and Semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E) expression. Further, UHRF1-mediated migration and metastasis resulted, at least in part, through altered expression of extracellular vesicles and their cargo, including urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). Novel osteosarcoma genetically engineered mouse models confirmed that knocking out Uhrf1 considerably decreased metastasis and reversed the poorer survival associated with Rb1 loss. This presents a new mechanistic insight into RB1 loss-associated poor prognosis and novel oncogenic roles of UHRF1 in the regulation of angiogenesis and exosome secretion, both critical for osteosarcoma metastasis. This provides substantial support for targeting UHRF1 or its downstream effectors as novel therapeutic options to improve current treatment for osteosarcoma.

Pediatric; Pediatric Cancer; Rare Diseases; Cancer; Pediatric Research Initiative; 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors; Aetiology; Biochemistry and Cell Biology; Genetics; Oncology and Carcinogenesis; article

Open access content. Open access content
public

application/pdf
Oncogenesis vol 11, iss 1, 51 2157-9024

CDLER oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt7dx5s5xq
qt7dx5s5xq
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dx5s5xq
https://escholarship.org/
1367388281

UC MASS DIGITIZATION
From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative.

edsoai.on1367388281