Adherence to Active Surveillance Protocols for Low-risk Prostate Cancer: Results of the Movember Foundation's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Initiative.

Elsevier B.V. Netherlands 2020-02-10

Background: Active surveillance (AS) enrolment criteria and follow-up schedules for low-risk prostate cancer vary between institutions. However, uncertainty remains about adherence to these protocols. Objective(s): To determine adherence to institution-specific AS inclusion criteria and follow-up schedules within the Movember Foundation's Global Action Plan Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance (GAP3) initiative. Design, setting, and participants: We retrospectively assessed the data of 15 101 patients from 25 established AS cohorts worldwide between 2014 and 2016. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Adherence to individual AS inclusion criteria was rated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from poor to excellent. Nonadherence to follow-up schedules was defined as absence of repeat biopsy 1 yr after the scheduled date. Cohorts were pooled into annual and Prostate Cancer Research International: Active Surveillance (PRIAS)-based biopsy schedules, and a generalised linear mixed model was constructed to test for nonadherence. Results and limitations: Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) inclusion criteria were followed in 92%, Gleason score (GS) criteria were followed in 97%, and the number of positive biopsy cores was followed in 94% of men. Both age and tumour stage (T stage) criteria had 99% adherence overall. Pooled nonadherence rates increased over time-8%, 16%, and 34% for annual schedules and 11%, 30%, and 29% for PRIAS-based schedules at 1, 4, and 7 yr, respectively-and did not differ between biopsy schedules. A limitation is that our results do not consider the use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion(s): In on-going development of evidence-based AS protocols, variable adherence to PSA and GS inclusion criteria should be considered. Repeat biopsy adherence reduces with increased duration of surveillance, independent of biopsy frequency. This emphasises the importance of risk stratification at the commencement of AS. Patient Summa

age; aged; article; cancer epidemiology; cancer risk; cancer staging; cohort analysis; controlled study; follow up; Gleason score; health survey; human; Likert scale; adult; male; outcome assessment; priority journal; prostate cancer; protein blood level; protocol compliance; retrospective study; treatment refusal; tumor biopsy; prostate specific antigen/ec [Endogenous Compound]; active surveillance; major clinical study; Article

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Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

AUSHL oai:repository.monashhealth.org:1/35474
European Urology Oncology. 3 (1) (pp 80-91), 2020. Date of Publication: February 2020.
2588-9311 (electronic)
https://repository.monashhealth.org/monashhealthjspui/handle/1/35474
31564531 [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=31564531]
2002972367
(Kalapara, Harkin, Frydenberg) Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Verbeek, Nieboer, Bangma, Helleman, Roobol) Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands (Nieboer, Steyerberg) Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands (Fahey) Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Gnanapragasam) Academic Urology Group, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Van Hemelrijck) Division of Cancer Studies, Translational Oncology & Urology Research, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Lee) Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore (Frydenberg) Department of Urology, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia
Frydenberg M.; mark.frydenberg@monash.edu
1305119857

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