The Eye - a Neglected Organ in Environmental and Occupational Medicine: An Overview of Known Environmental and Ooccupational Non-Traumatic Effects on the Eyes

Oko - zapostavljeni organ u medicini rada: literaturni pregled poznatih efekata okolišnih i radnih onečišćenja na oko

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health 2009

The objective of this study was to give an overview of the known literature data on the infl uence of environmental and occupational factors on the eye. Sixty-six articles were selected by searching Medline and PubMed databases using the following key words in different combinations: occupational and environmental factors, dry eye syndrome, cataract, retinal vascular changes. Most of the studies dealt with conditions on the eye surface and used eye discomfort syndrome and dry eye syndrome to outline the effects of air pollutants. Some reported increased frequency of lens opacities due to indoor fuel exposure, in particular biofuel, and negative effects of styrene exposure on colour vision. Investigations of retinal vascular changes and retinopathy after chronic exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2) and of retinal and choroidal haemodynamics after exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) found that CS2 caused an increase in retinal venous diameters and CO caused an increase in arterial and venous diameters, retinal blood fl ow velocity, and fundus pulsation amplitude. This article also discusses the infl uence of light exposure on retinal damage. It shows that very little information is available about the infl uence of environmental and occupational factors on the eye, and retina and retinal vessels in particular.
Cilj ovog pregleda bio je dobivanje uvida u opseg informacija na području utjecaja okolišnih i radnih faktora na oči. Izabrali smo šezdeset šest radova pretražujući Medline i PubMed baze podataka na ključne riječi u više kombinacija: oko, radna okolina, okoliš, sindrom suhog oka, katarakta, krvožilne promjene mrežnice, oštećenje oka svjetlošću. Većina radova bavi se stanjima površine oka, i upotrebljava “sindrom neudobnoga oka” (engl. eye discomfort syndrome) i sindrom suhog oka (engl. dry eye syndrome) kao pokazatelje utjecaja polutanata. Primijećeno je učestalo zamućenje očne leće kao posljedica izloženosti gorivima u zatvorenim prostorijama, osobito biogorivima te štetan utjecaj ekspozicije stirenu na raspoznavanje boja. Istraživan je utjecaj kronične ekspozicije ugljičnom disulfidu (CS2) na promjene krvnih žila retine te promjena prokrvljenosti mrežnice i koroideje kao posljedica ekspozicije ugljičnom monoksidu (CO). Uočeno je da CS2 uzrokuje povećanja promjera retinalnih vena, a CO uzrokuje povećan promjer i arterija i vena mrežnice. Posljedično se uočava ubrzanje protoka krvi kroz žile mrežnice i pojačanje amplitude pulzacija žila fundusa. Diskutiran je i štetni utjecaj svjetla na mrežnicu. Pregled literature pokazuje da je opseg informacija na području utjecaja okolišnih i radom uvjetovanih čimbenika na oči oskudan, osobito s obzirom na utjecaj ovih faktora na mrežnicu i njezine krvne žile.

cataract; dry eye syndrome; occupational and environmental factors; retinal vascular changes; katarakta; krvožilne promjene mrežnice; okoliš; oštećenje oka svjetlošću; radna okolina; sindrom suhog oka; text; info:eu-repo/semantics/article; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Open access content. Open access content
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Copyright: Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia Parts of the contents such as figures and tables may be reproduced without prior permission, provided reference is made to the source. Annual subscription to the printed version (postage included): Europe Eur 70.00; overseas countries Eur 85,00 Slovenian Society of Toxicology Eur 30.00 Full text articles online available for free.

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