Evolution of education as a constitutional and legal paradigm: historical context and philosophical discourse

This article is devoted to the study of the evolution of education as a constitutional and legal paradigm in the historical context and philosophical discourse. Within the framework of the work, the historical path of education development is considered, starting from primitive and ancient times and ending with the present. Emphasis is placed on the development of the educational paradigm from the point of view of philosophical and cultural changes that had an impact on the perception and regulation of the educational process. In particular, the historical gradation of the development and establishment of education as a constitutional and legal category is proposed to be considered through the prism of the following chronological framework: Stage I: The Age of the Ancient World (Primitive Age and Ancient times); Stage II: The Age of the Middle Ages; III stage: Age of Enlightenment; IV stage: The period of industrial revolution and modernization; Stage V: Modernity. The article examines the role of great philosophers and ancient jurists, such as Aristotle, Democritus, Plato, Seneca, Socrates, Ulpian, Cicero, etc., in shaping the concepts of the right to education. Special attention is paid to how the history of education reflects social and cultural changes. From primitive forms of learning to modern education systems, this article shows how education has always been not only a right, but also an important factor in social evolution. Emphasis is placed on the works of the following famous philosophers, the American - J. Dewey, the Brazilian - P. Freire and the domestic - P. Kulish, who had an impact on the formation and development of the philosophy of modern education. The conclusions of the article emphasize that the right to education is determined not only by legal norms, but also by the social context and philosophical views. They emphasize the importance of understanding the historical development of education for the modern understanding of the constitutional and legal paradigm of education, which reflects the dynamics of society and its needs for education and development