A Method for Vessel’s Trajectory Prediction Based on Encoder Decoder Architecture

Data-driven technologies and automated identification systems (AISs) provide unprecedented opportunities for maritime surveillance. As part of enhancing maritime situational awareness and safety, in this paper, we address the issue of predicting a ship’s future trajectory using historical AIS observations. The objective is to use past data in the training phase to learn the predictive distribution of marine traffic patterns and then use that information to forecast future trajectories. To achieve this, we investigate an encoder–decoder architecture-based sequence-to-sequence prediction model and CNN model. This architecture includes a long short-term memory (LSTM) RNN that encodes sequential AIS data from the past and generates future trajectory samples. The effectiveness of sequence-to-sequence neural networks (RNNs) for forecasting future vessel trajectories is demonstrated through an experimental assessment using an AIS dataset.