Development of perspective systems of monitoring of load-bearing structures of buildings and constructions

Introduction. Characteristic features of the modern level of construction production are the increasing number of high-rise, large-span and unique buildings and structures, the increasing complexity of design solutions, the need for construction of objects in dense urban areas. On the example of a number of accidents that occurred at construction sites in Russia and other countries, the author presents the justification of the necessity to equip more and more construction sites with stationary systems for monitoring of load-bearing structures. The description of functional capabilities of these systems is given. The approaches to the construction of the system of automated assessment of the technical condition of building structures based on the information received from sensors are considered. The results of the analysis of monitoring systems designed according to two schemes of construction are presented, the features of the systems designed according to the concentrated and distributed schemes are defined. The results of the analysis of two monitoring techniques used in engineering practice — the technique of controlling the parameters of stress-strain state of bearing structure elements in the most loaded zones of the elements and the technique of controlling the integral characteristics of bearing structures under load — are shown. The peculiarities of each technique are presented.Materials and methods. Theoretical research methods: review and analysis of Russian regulatory documentation, domestic and foreign engineering practice in the field of development of stationary monitoring systems for load-bearing structures functioning in real time.Results. The current regulatory documentation and practical solutions in the sphere of development of stationary monitoring systems for load-bearing structures are considered. The results of the analysis of design schemes and monitoring methods are given.Conclusions. The practical application of the design approaches outlined in this study enables the creation of effectively functioning monitoring systems for load-bearing structures.