Fundamental study on measurement of soil pH and electrical conductivity in batch tests for the determination of soil-soil solution distribution coefficient

Soil-soil solution distribution coefficient, Kd, is used to understand the mobility of radionuclides in the soil environment. Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) are the important factors affecting soil Kd, but existing methods for Kd employed different conditions, as well, standard soil pH and EC methods varied in the test conditions. It would be desirable to measure both pH and EC using the same soil solution for Kd with portable meters (non-glass electrode type) that need only a small liquid volume. In this study, at first, we utilized portable pH and EC meters to examine effects of different conditions on measurements, i.e., the water/soil ratios, contact time and standing time. The results showed that portable meter measurements of soil supernatant after 1 h shaking and 1 h standing could provide comparable pH and EC values with other standard soil tests. Then measurements of pH, and EC up to 168 h were carried out, considering the Kd methods for radiocesium (Cs); only slight differences in these values were observed compared to the standard test method. Considering these results, further analysis was carried out on the correlation between soil Kd-Cs and pH and found a clear decrease of Kd-Cs at pH