The effect of nanoparticles incorporation titanium dioxide and zirconium oxide within self-adhesive resin cement on the push-out bond strength of the fiber post to the radicular dentin: An in vitro study

Introduction: Incorporating nanotechnology into dental practice can present exciting prospects for advancing material adhesion properties. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the outcome of incorporating 3% titanium oxide or zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO2 NPs) within RelyX Unicem Aplicap self-adhesive resin cement on FRC LuxaPost radicular dentin’s push-out bond regarding curing method type and root regions. Materials and Methods: Sixty roots of human permanent premolars were obturated, postspace prepared, and at postcementation process, they were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) depending upon the nanoparticles type, Group 1 (control): RelyX Unicem without nanoincorporation; Group 2: RelyX with 3% ZrO2 NPs; and Group 3: RelyX with 3% titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), then each was subgrouped (n = 10) associated with the curing modes. The roots were sectioned into 2 mm-thick splits perpendicular to the long axis. The push-out bond strength (PBS) values of the radicular dentin/postwere measured. The ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range tests (P ≤ 0.05) were used to analyze the data. Assign the bonding failure modes using a stereomicroscope. Results: The ZrO2 NPs inclusion of RelyX resin cement used to bind the fiber posts produced the highest significant PBS values at “P ≤ 0.001.” No significant values between the RelyX Unicem Aplicap and (RelyX + TiO2 NPs). The light curing mode produced preferable results with the highest significant bonding values at “P ≤ 0.001.” There is a significant difference among root third region PBS values at “P ≤ 0.001,” with the coronal one having the highest. Conclusions: The 3% ZrO2NPs reinforcement of light-cured RelyX Unicem Aplicap self-adhesive resin cement enhanced the fiber post/dentin bond strength with consideration of dentin root regions.