Inherited Robertsonian translocation (13;14) in a child with Down Syndrome

Background: Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by abnormal cell division, resulting in extra genetic material from chromosome 21. Non-homologous Robertsonian translocation (RT) between chromosomes 13 and 14 is a common genetic abnormality seen in couples with reproductive failure. The present report highlights the co-occurrence of Down Syndrome with RT of chromosomes 13 and 14. Case Presentation: A 6-month-old male child, born to second-degree consanguineous parents, was referred to our institute for the conventional karyotyping method. Peripheral blood cultures were set up following the standard protocol for karyotype analysis, which revealed Down Syndrome and non-homologous RT between chromosomes 13 and 14 in the child, inherited from his mother. A normal karyotype was found in the father. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of cytogenetic analysis in detecting additional chromosomal abnormalities in syndromic children. [JBCGenetics 2020; 3(2.000): 113-117]