IMPACTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LMD REFORM ON THE PEDAGOGY AMONG TEACHERS OF UNIVERSITY ANTANANARIVO

The globalization of higher education, the LMD system through the Bologna Process (1999), has led to profound changes in higher education in Madagascar at the socio-economic, pedagogical and above all cultural levels. All the universities of the big island have had no choice but to implement this reform, which aims to improve university results, the change of teaching and learning methods, and the facilitation of the obtaining of credits, the mobility of students and finally the standardization of the diploma on an international scale. But the contexts of application and the stakes are not the same because of certain parameters that must be taken into account.