نبذة مختصرة : Already in the eighties it was shown that the active form of vitamin D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvi-tamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], can inhibit the pro-liferation of melanoma cells1 and stimulate the differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells.2 The almost universal presence of the vita-min D receptor (VDR) and the presence of 1α-hydroxylase (CyP27B1) activity in non-clas-sical tissues together with the antiproliferative and prodifferentiating effects suggests a para-crine role for 1,25(OH)2D3. 1,25(OH)2D3 directly regulates the expression of a whole set of genes through binding to the VDR which het-erodimerizes to the retinoid X receptor (RXR), and 1,25(OH)2D3-VDR/RXR complexes bind to
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