Sexu-desberdintasunak Parkinson gaixotasunean

Increasing evidence indicates that biological sex is an important factor in the development and phe-notypic expression of Parkinson’s disease. The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease affects men twice more often than women. However, women experience a more rapid progression of the disease. In addition, it is increasingly ac-knowledged that the frequency and/or severity of motor and non-motor symptoms are different in female and male patients with Parkinson’s disease. It is also considered that their response to pharmacological and surgical treat-ments differs significantly. Although the precise underlying mechanisms supporting sex differences are still to be elucidated, the pathophysiological underpinnings are presumably different in women and men with Parkinson’s dis-ease. This review aims to gather the current evidence regarding sex differences in clinical features, risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms and response to treatments (pharmacological and surgical). Clarifying how the dis-ease affects each sex can improve patient care by tailoring the therapeutic management of men and women and by developing innovative programmes to respond to unmet needs.; Gero eta ebidentzia gehiagok adierazten du sexu biologikoa faktore garrantzitsua dela Parkinson gaixotasunaren garapenean eta adierazpen fenotipikoan. Jakina da Parkinson gaixotasunaren prebalentzia ia bi aldiz altuagoa dela gizonezkoetan emakumezkoetan baino. Hala ere, emakumezkoek gaixotasunaren progresio azkarragoa izaten dute. Gainera, azken urteotan egindako ikerketek agerian utzi dute Parkinson gaixotasunaren ondorioz agertzen diren sintoma motorrak eta ez-motorrak maiztasun edota larritasun desberdina dutela sexuaren arabera. Halaber, emakumeek eta gizonezkoek tratamendu farmakologikoen eta kirurgikoen aurrean duten erantzuna ere desberdina dela uste da. Sexu-desberdintasun hauen oinarriak zehatz-mehatz ezagutzen ez badira ere, mekanismo fisiopatologikoak desberdinak direla iradoki da. Berrikuspen honetan Parkinsona duten emakumezkoen eta gizonezkoen ...