نبذة مختصرة : BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent kind of oral cancer, accounting for more than 90% of all oral cancers. It's a multi-step process which involves cell proliferation. There are a vast number of proliferative markers for squamous cell carcinoma and the commonly used are Ki-67 and Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA). The present study was performed in order to compare the efficiency of staining proliferative cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups of tissues were used for the study. Group A consisted of 15 paraffin embedded blocks of non-inflamed normal mucosa and Group B consisted of 30 paraffin embedded blocks of histopathologically diagnosed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma. These 45 tissues were evaluated immunohistochemically for PCNA and Ki-67. The staining percentage was calculated and the results were analysed statistically using unpaired t test. RESULTS: As a result of the study, it was observed that both PCNA and Ki-67 are capable of staining proliferative cells of oral squamous cell carcinoma. According to the statistical analysis reported, there was a mild elevated value for PCNA than Ki 67. CONCLUSION: We conclude that compared to Ki-67, which is capable of labelling all proliferative cells including infection, inflammation, and similar pathological circumstances, PCNA has a significant property of staining proliferative cells of OSCC.
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