Contributors: Cleveland Clinic; CHI Poissy-Saint-Germain; Biologie de la Reproduction, Environnement, Epigénétique & Développement (BREED); École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE); Sohag University; Minia University; King Abdul Aziz University (KAU); Selçuk University = Selçuk Üniversitesi; Lithuanian University of Health Science (LUSH); Loma Linda University; Vattikuti Urology Institute; Henry Ford Hospital; McGill University = Université McGill Montréal, Canada; University of the Western Cape (UWC); Imperial College London; Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict); University of Garmian; The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong (CUHK); Taylor’s University; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo, Brazil; The University of Queensland (UQ All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations ); Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU); Università degli Studi di Foggia = University of Foggia (Unifg); Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona, Italy / Università Politecnica delle Marche Ancona, Italia (UNIVPM); Kansai Medical University; Fakih IVF Fertility Center; Pusan National University (PNU); Istanbul Medipol University; Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP); Hammersmith Hospital NHS Imperial College Healthcare; Harvard Medical School Boston (HMS); Hamad Medical Corporation Doha, Qatar; University of Illinois Chicago (UIC); University of Illinois System; University of Zambia Lusaka (UNZA); Flinders University of South Australia; Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" = University of the Study of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli; Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine Tehran, Iran; University of Santo Tomas Manila, Philippines; Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar; Sultan Qaboos University (SQU); University of Illinois Springfield; Fundació Puigvert Barcelona, Spain; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio, Tx, USA; Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta; Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid, Jordan (JUST); Cairo University; University of Health Sciences,Istanbul,Turkey; Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran (IUMS); Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam (UiTM ); Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; Antisperm antibodies (ASA), as a cause of male infertility, have been detected in infertile males as early as 1954. Multiple causes of ASA production have been identified, and they are due to an abnormal exposure of mature germ cells to the immune system. ASA testing (with mixed anti-globulin reaction, and immunobead binding test) was described in the WHO manual 5th edition and is most recently listed among the extended semen tests in the WHO manual 6th edition. The relationship between ASA and infertility is somewhat complex. The presence of sperm agglutination, while insufficient to diagnose immunological infertility, may indicate the presence of ASA. However, ASA can also be present in the absence of any sperm agglutination. The andrological management of ASA depends on the etiology and individual practices of clinicians. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the causes of ASA production, its role in immunological male infertility, clinical indications of ASA testing, and the available therapeutic options. We also provide the details of laboratory procedures for assessment of ASA together with important measures for quality control. Additionally, laboratory and clinical scenarios are presented to guide the reader in the management of ASA and immunological male infertility. Furthermore, we report the results of a recent worldwide survey, conducted to gather information about clinical practices in the management of immunological male infertility.
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