Anthropologie sociale de la parole plurilingue en Afrique de l'Est

International audience ; Based on ethnography and interaction analysis, this book aims at showing how social anthropology can use the tools developped by sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology in order to understand the social implications of multilingual praticices in East Africa. Comparing languages use between Kenya and Tanzania shows how linguistic ideologies can be transformed, on the one hand, at a national scale through linguistic policies, and on the other hand at a local scale through every day uses and occurrences. In Tanzania, linguistic policies implemented since colonization shaped a specific scaling of languages which was followed and amplified after Indépendance, iterated in every day speechs. In this book I focus on language choices in different settings : local bars, a tree nursery, among bike taxi drivers and in homes of two villages in Iringa, Tanzania. These data are later compared with multilingual practices within a family in Bungoma, Kenya. By looking closely at the use of Hehe and Swahili in Tanzania, then Bukusu, Swahili and English in Kenya, I question the relevance of concepts such as code-switching, translanguaging and multilingual repertories, while putting forward a way to tailor Asif Agha’s register to multilingualism. I argue that the concept of register ties together linguistic ideologies, indexicality and language use analysis allowing for an understanding of the interconnection between linguistic features and social activities. Focusing on multilingual practices is a way to address contemporary social change in East Africa, at the heart of daily practices where social relations are produced, negociated or renewed based on different political, identificatory or social stances. ; En se fondant avant tout sur l’ethnographie et sur l’analyse d’interactions, cet ouvrage montre comment une approche d’anthropologie sociale peut se saisir des outils de l’anthropologie linguistique et de la sociolinguistique pour appréhender les enjeux sociaux des pratiques plurilingues en Afrique ...