Contributors: Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC); Centro International de Agricultura Tropical; Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA); Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL); Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Société, environnement, territoire (SET); Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV); Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN); Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU); Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (UPR BSEF); Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad); Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Rennes); Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG); Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN); Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE); Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN); Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN); Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN); Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT); Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA); Universidad de la Amazonia Caquetá; Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA Belém, Brazil (UFPA); Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Belém, Brésil (MPEG); Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira; Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales; Centre International de Recherche en Agriculture et Développement; Universidad del Valle Cali (Univalle); Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance (PALOC); Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA); UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA); Universidad Nacional de Colombia Palmira; ANR-06-PADD-001-011/ ANR 06 BIODIV 009-01/ Brazilian CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico) 490649/2006-8
نبذة مختصرة : International audience ; In Amazonia, our knowledge of the trade-offs and possible thresholds in the relationships among social, economic and environmental parameters remains quite limited and hinders the design of sustainable socio-environmental systems. To fill this gap, we analyzed relationships among landscape metrics, socio- economic patterns, biodiversity and soil-based ecosystem services within a total of 51 farms located at 6 sites of the Colombian and Brazilian Amazon. Farms were representative of an initial set of 274 and they represented colonization ages from 10 to 80 years and a range of public policies found in the region. Two farms were abandoned in Colombia for local reasons.Cluster analysis separated farms in 7 types of production systems according to 5 main criteria (size of the farm, human capital, incomes, farm products and production intensity) selected from an initial set of 18 criteria. Biodiversity was summarized into a composite index Bd built with data from 8 different groups: trees, shrubs, grasses and forbs, birds, Saturnidae and Sphingidae moths, Drosophilidae, earthworms and ants. Provision of ecosystem services was quantified by a composite indicator of 6 sub- indicators of soil hydrological functions, C storage and chemical fertility. Increasing intensity of production systems was linked to a significant decrease of indicators of natural capital biodiversity (Bd) and soil based ecosystem services (Es) with 20% and 37.3% variance explained, respectively. No relationship was observed between production systems and an indicator of human wellbeing (Sb) based on a set of 5 criteria identified with the farmers. Findings indicate that early colonizers migrate when a certain level of development has been achieved (as a result of their activities) and are replaced by wealthier populations.An overall indicator of sustainability (Su) – that combines production efficiency (Ep), Sb, Bd and Es indices (ranging from 0.1–1.0) – decreases significantly with the landscape intensification (Li) with ...
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